History
We made a map to show the tangled web of connections between TTI programs, staff, public figures, and other organizations. Check it out here.
Grieving the kids we’ve lost:
Click here for a list of young people who have died in residential treatment.
TTI Timelines:
Child Control before the Modern TTI
From the agoge of ancient Sparta to medieval apprenticeships to industrial-era orphan trains, authorities have spent thousands of years convincing and coercing families to send their children away. No matter how cruel the treatment, “experts” always seemed to agree that it was best for kids and best for society.
Click here to learn more.
Juvenile Justice & Early RTCs
At the turn of the 20th century, social reformers took special interest in poor and delinquent youth. Emerging theories in psychology and human development led to experimental efforts at child reform. Meanwhile, various religious groups continued their battle for children’s souls.
Click here to learn about the birth of the TTI.
Corporatization & Political Leverage
As Johnson’s War on Crime and Nixon’s War on Drugs took shape in US policy and culture, middle-class parents grew increasingly concerned about the rebellious behavior of teens. Opportunistic entrepreneurs created chains of boarding schools, rehabs, ranches, and other programs to exploit fears while lining their own wallets.
Click here for a timeline of TTI facility expansion.
Survivors & Families Fight Back!
Thanks to the tireless effort of survivors and activists, the industry begins to slowly crumble.
Click here for a timeline of survivors and their loved ones speaking out and making a difference.